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Python:abc

This module provides the infrastructure for defining abstract base classes (ABCs) in Python, as outlined in PEP 3119; see the PEP for why this was added to Python. (See also PEP 3141 and the numbers module regarding a type hierarchy for numbers based on ABCs.)

Example 

import abc 

class BaseClass(metaclass=ABCMeta):
    @abc.abstractmethod
    def func1(self):
        pass

    @abc.abstractmethod
    def func2(self):
        pass

abstractmethod

property abstractmethod 

from abc import ABC, abstractmethod

class A(ABC):
    @property
    @abstractmethod
    def mode(self) -> str:
        pass

@override로 사용시 데코레이터 순서: 

class B(A):
    @property
    @override
    def mode(self) -> str:
        return ""

abstractclassmethod

Deprecated. 다음과 같이 대체 사용: 

class C(ABC):
    @classmethod
    @abstractmethod
    def my_abstract_classmethod(cls, ...):
        ...

abstractstaticmethod

Deprecated. 다음과 같이 대체 사용: 

class C(ABC):
    @staticmethod
    @abstractmethod
    def my_abstract_staticmethod(...):
        ...

abstractproperty

Deprecated. 다음과 같이 대체 사용: 

class C(ABC):
    @property
    @abstractmethod
    def my_abstract_property(self):
        ...

ABC vs Protocol

요약하면, 이미 상속 구조가 잡혀있어서 컨트롤 하기 힘들다면 Protocol, 처음부터 설계 가능하다면 ABC

Metaclass

See also

  • Python
  • Abstract Base Classes

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