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Pwconv

쉐도우 패스워드 정책 적용. 정책해제는 pwunconv를 사용한다.

패스워드 파일 보호

pwconv를 루트권한으로 실행하면, /etc/passwd파일의 계정별 두 번째 필드에 x가 표시된다. 

# cat /etc/passwd
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/usr/sbin/nologin
bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin
sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/usr/sbin/nologin
sync:x:4:65534:sync:/bin:/bin/sync
games:x:5:60:games:/usr/games:/usr/sbin/nologin
man:x:6:12:man:/var/cache/man:/usr/sbin/nologin
lp:x:7:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/usr/sbin/nologin
mail:x:8:8:mail:/var/mail:/usr/sbin/nologin
news:x:9:9:news:/var/spool/news:/usr/sbin/nologin
uucp:x:10:10:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/usr/sbin/nologin
proxy:x:13:13:proxy:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin
www-data:x:33:33:www-data:/var/www:/usr/sbin/nologin
backup:x:34:34:backup:/var/backups:/usr/sbin/nologin
list:x:38:38:Mailing List Manager:/var/list:/usr/sbin/nologin
irc:x:39:39:ircd:/var/run/ircd:/usr/sbin/nologin
gnats:x:41:41:Gnats Bug-Reporting System (admin):/var/lib/gnats:/usr/sbin/nologin
nobody:x:65534:65534:nobody:/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin
systemd-network:x:100:102:systemd Network Management,,,:/run/systemd/netif:/usr/sbin/nologin
systemd-resolve:x:101:103:systemd Resolver,,,:/run/systemd/resolve:/usr/sbin/nologin
syslog:x:102:106::/home/syslog:/usr/sbin/nologin
messagebus:x:103:107::/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin
_apt:x:104:65534::/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin
uuidd:x:105:111::/run/uuidd:/usr/sbin/nologin
avahi-autoipd:x:106:112:Avahi autoip daemon,,,:/var/lib/avahi-autoipd:/usr/sbin/nologin
usbmux:x:107:46:usbmux daemon,,,:/var/lib/usbmux:/usr/sbin/nologin
dnsmasq:x:108:65534:dnsmasq,,,:/var/lib/misc:/usr/sbin/nologin
rtkit:x:109:114:RealtimeKit,,,:/proc:/usr/sbin/nologin
cups-pk-helper:x:110:116:user for cups-pk-helper service,,,:/home/cups-pk-helper:/usr/sbin/nologin
speech-dispatcher:x:111:29:Speech Dispatcher,,,:/var/run/speech-dispatcher:/bin/false
whoopsie:x:112:117::/nonexistent:/bin/false
kernoops:x:113:65534:Kernel Oops Tracking Daemon,,,:/:/usr/sbin/nologin
saned:x:114:119::/var/lib/saned:/usr/sbin/nologin
pulse:x:115:120:PulseAudio daemon,,,:/var/run/pulse:/usr/sbin/nologin
avahi:x:116:122:Avahi mDNS daemon,,,:/var/run/avahi-daemon:/usr/sbin/nologin
colord:x:117:123:colord colour management daemon,,,:/var/lib/colord:/usr/sbin/nologin
hplip:x:118:7:HPLIP system user,,,:/var/run/hplip:/bin/false
geoclue:x:119:124::/var/lib/geoclue:/usr/sbin/nologin
gnome-initial-setup:x:120:65534::/run/gnome-initial-setup/:/bin/false
gdm:x:121:125:Gnome Display Manager:/var/lib/gdm3:/bin/false
user:x:1000:1000:user,,,:/home/user:/bin/bash
nvidia-persistenced:x:122:127:NVIDIA Persistence Daemon,,,:/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin
sshd:x:123:65534::/run/sshd:/usr/sbin/nologin

참고로 정책이 적용되지 않으면 암호화된 다이제스트로 출력되거나 ! 또는 *로 출력된다. 

# cat /etc/passwd
root:!:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
daemon:*:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/usr/sbin/nologin
bin:*:2:2:bin:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin
sys:*:3:3:sys:/dev:/usr/sbin/nologin
sync:*:4:65534:sync:/bin:/bin/sync
games:*:5:60:games:/usr/games:/usr/sbin/nologin
man:*:6:12:man:/var/cache/man:/usr/sbin/nologin
lp:*:7:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/usr/sbin/nologin
mail:*:8:8:mail:/var/mail:/usr/sbin/nologin
news:*:9:9:news:/var/spool/news:/usr/sbin/nologin
uucp:*:10:10:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/usr/sbin/nologin
proxy:*:13:13:proxy:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin
www-data:*:33:33:www-data:/var/www:/usr/sbin/nologin
backup:*:34:34:backup:/var/backups:/usr/sbin/nologin
list:*:38:38:Mailing List Manager:/var/list:/usr/sbin/nologin
irc:*:39:39:ircd:/var/run/ircd:/usr/sbin/nologin
gnats:*:41:41:Gnats Bug-Reporting System (admin):/var/lib/gnats:/usr/sbin/nologin
nobody:*:65534:65534:nobody:/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin
systemd-network:*:100:102:systemd Network Management,,,:/run/systemd/netif:/usr/sbin/nologin
systemd-resolve:*:101:103:systemd Resolver,,,:/run/systemd/resolve:/usr/sbin/nologin
syslog:*:102:106::/home/syslog:/usr/sbin/nologin
messagebus:*:103:107::/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin
_apt:*:104:65534::/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin
uuidd:*:105:111::/run/uuidd:/usr/sbin/nologin
avahi-autoipd:*:106:112:Avahi autoip daemon,,,:/var/lib/avahi-autoipd:/usr/sbin/nologin
usbmux:*:107:46:usbmux daemon,,,:/var/lib/usbmux:/usr/sbin/nologin
dnsmasq:*:108:65534:dnsmasq,,,:/var/lib/misc:/usr/sbin/nologin
rtkit:*:109:114:RealtimeKit,,,:/proc:/usr/sbin/nologin
cups-pk-helper:*:110:116:user for cups-pk-helper service,,,:/home/cups-pk-helper:/usr/sbin/nologin
speech-dispatcher:!:111:29:Speech Dispatcher,,,:/var/run/speech-dispatcher:/bin/false
whoopsie:*:112:117::/nonexistent:/bin/false
kernoops:*:113:65534:Kernel Oops Tracking Daemon,,,:/:/usr/sbin/nologin
saned:*:114:119::/var/lib/saned:/usr/sbin/nologin
pulse:*:115:120:PulseAudio daemon,,,:/var/run/pulse:/usr/sbin/nologin
avahi:*:116:122:Avahi mDNS daemon,,,:/var/run/avahi-daemon:/usr/sbin/nologin
colord:*:117:123:colord colour management daemon,,,:/var/lib/colord:/usr/sbin/nologin
hplip:*:118:7:HPLIP system user,,,:/var/run/hplip:/bin/false
geoclue:*:119:124::/var/lib/geoclue:/usr/sbin/nologin
gnome-initial-setup:*:120:65534::/run/gnome-initial-setup/:/bin/false
gdm:*:121:125:Gnome Display Manager:/var/lib/gdm3:/bin/false
user:$6$eNmgg.Ci$8bCo8r49d8Qk96aJYiHah3WU6EROrE5H00T3wfwem35JZtpXd9w7J.Qpc.EuCoIFxQVAbwFazZ.nTaUIzg9Sv.:1000:1000:user,,,:/home/user:/bin/bash
nvidia-persistenced:*:122:127:NVIDIA Persistence Daemon,,,:/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin
sshd:*:123:65534::/run/sshd:/usr/sbin/nologin

See also

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